Sima Jin said at the time before, because of King (Sima division) taboo division, so called for the Kyoto Imperial; or refer to the Japanese ancient capital, also called Xijing, southwest of Honshu Island
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京师；国都
Capital; States. "Han Xu Dukes pass down the Hyoseong Queen": "a masterpiece on the imperial pole was bad defeat and Kyoto." Tang Bai "Pipa" Preface: "listen to its sound, clank with the Kyoto natural sound." Guanying "Advising Learning tax": "Kyoto Special General Tax Department." Yang Shuo, "great oaks from little acorns grow": "Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong distant confrontation, the formation of the Bohai Strait, said at the throat is the book on the art of war zone, not surprising have said here is the gateway to Kyoto. "according to the Wei, Jin, because of avoiding Sima Shi Lei, the Capital have renamed the" Kyoto. " Jin Zuo Si "Ode to History" one poem: "Border Town if the Library in Yuxi fly Kyoto." Qing Qian Daxin "廿二 Histories of the Three Kingdoms 1": "'the beginning of the first year of yellow, something in the Imperial Ancestral Temple Kyoto.' Jin Shi Chen avoid the emperor (Sima division) limb, said Capital in Kyoto. "
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A, 1
京都 一、1
Kyoto means the reunification of Chinese history, the capital of the State or local government. Are known, the capital, the capital, Beijing. Kyoto is not only the political center of a dynasty, it is often their economic and cultural center, so it's _set_ to be relatively stable. But with the country's political and economic development and the needs of the situation outside Zhang Tuo, the old capital of Kyoto often move from the more appropriate a new earth. In Chinese history, not only the development of many of the regime in its own position through the gradual transfer of Kyoto, and the whole, the ancient Kyoto, also showing a first move to the main east-west, north and south after the turn of the location of the transformation. Kyoto migration of various geographical factors must be considered: ① Kyoto should be established in the economically developed, rich areas in order to maintain the material needs of the ruling group; ② Kyoto National center location should be _select_ed, or a convenient transport conditions, to facilitate the decree Sida, the system outside the Royal; ③ Kyoto should be _select_ed by the natural conditions of risk and defend, so that it is not destroyed by external forces, stability of the state. Capital position of any government in history can not fully consistent with the choice of the above three conditions, but only according to the principal contradiction at the time, _select_ a location relatively favorable, so the _select_ion of the capital often reflect the general situation of the period. On the contrary, capital is established, also to the entire country's political, military, and economic development have an impact. Beijing (Běijīng) is the capital of the People's Republic of China one of the four municipalities of the central, national political, cultural and international exchange center. North China Plain is located in the northern end of Beijing, Tianjin, southeast of the local area and is connected with the rest is surrounded by Hebei Province. Beijing is China's second largest city, but also the total land and air transportation hub of China and the most important domestic and international exchange center. Beijing has successfully hosted the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Beijing has 3,000 years of history and the history of 850 years of capital, is the world's historical and cultural city and one of four ancient capitals of China. Its strategic location, is ideal for the All-China where the political center. As early as 70 million years ago, the Beijing Zhoukoudian area appeared in primitive communities "Peking Man", first seen in Beijing recorded the name "thistle." Very few cities in the world as long as Beijing, as a country's political and cultural center. "Encyclopedia Britannica" will be Beijing described as "One of the world's great cities" (one of the world's great cities), and asserted that "the history of the city is the most important part. In China in the past eight century, regardless of whether a long history, almost all the major building Beijing have indelible national and historical significance. " Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Beihai, and so numerous monuments for the city to add a more gorgeous colors. Today's Beijing, but has developed into a modern international metropolis: Financial Street has long been a veritable financial management center of China; Beijing Beijing Central Business District is the symbol of opening up and economic strength. In addition, China National Grand Theater, Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3, China Central Television headquarters building, "Bird's Nest" and other buildings has become a symbol of modern Beijing. Walk in Beijing's hutong alleys between the colored race the world you can see. Beijing is in its ancient and stylish new look to welcome 47 million a year more than 100 million passengers.
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A, 2
京都 一、2
Xia is a Chinese symbol of the formation, but also the beginning of the Chinese capital appear. Legends of the summer are: Yangcheng (now southeast of Dengfeng in Henan), Binh Duong (now Southwest Linfen, Shanxi Province), Yasumura (now Shanxi Xiaxian Northeast), as appropriate (now in Henan Dengfeng Northwest), Royal Hill (now in Henan Puyang Southwest), the original (now in Henan Jiyuan Northwest), the old hill (now Kaifeng in Henan Province in Northeast), River (Henan Tangyin Northeast) and other places. Ying River located in western Henan Province, Iloilo Basin, northern Henan and southern Shanxi Fen River, Su-water areas, migration variable. Since 1959, archaeologists in Henan Erlitou Yanshi County found two large quantities palace base, and general home sites sites, workshop sites, Jiaoxue and tombs, and the culture of the times quite a summer, probably The oldest ever found in a capital city. 16th century BC Shang Dynasty (the soup) off the summer, was built are in millimeters (now the southeast of Shandong Cao County). The first, that there had been eight business capital movement, then another six to move to clamor (Henan Xingyang Northeast), phase (today within the Huangdong Nan), Xing (Henan Wenxian Northeast), shelter (now Shandong Yuncheng City), castrate (now Qufu, Shandong Province), Yan (Henan Anyang). After Pan Geng moved to Yin, where two hundred and seventy three years, none of remobilization business until the late Shang Di Yi twenty years (previously 1065) shift at the Palace Chaoge (Qi County, Henan Province today). Yin is the capital of the Shang Dynasty heyday, the study provides the first capital of the Chinese slave society and a more complete example. The capital of the Zhou Dynasty has experienced several migrations, moving step by step from the Loess Plateau, the Weihe River valley, "for Yap in Feng" (now Xi'an Southwest). King Wu of Zhou to the throne, to HSBC Beijing to narrow, moved the capital to the east coast in Fenghe ho (now Xi'an Doumen town), but left the ancestral temple in Feng Jing, known as Fenggao, "home of King Zhou, the princes were", it is Gao Jing, also known as Zongzhou. Western Zhou Dynasty by Gao Jing as the center, packet princes decree, _set_ around the artisans in this production, three hundred years, is the largest of the Zhou Dynasty's political, cultural and economic center of city. King Wu Ke business occasion, had "weeks, living in camps and then go to Luo Yi." Tube, Tsai, Wu Geng mischief Zhougong Dong Zheng, to strengthen the control of Oriental princes, the king five years into the construction of new north shore of Yap in the Lo, as the Eastern Capital, called "Luo Yi" (now Luoyang City Wangchenggongyuan); and military construction in the east of the castle, monitoring "stubborn people", known as "into the Week" (now the Old City Luoyang Han Wei). Luo Yi Cheng Zhou for living among the world, hang on a balanced, easy four princes to pay tribute. Gao Jing moved into the city from the king, moved to the national boat Jiuding to show that Luo Yi has become the country's economic and ceremonial centers of worship, as if for the Western Zhou Dynasty Capital. In 771 BC, King You of Zhou Quanrong the prisoners for the following year, King Ping dongqian, are in the Luo Yi, known as "King City", changing both the original into the next week, the second, both alternately. Second is the implementation of the Zhou Dynasty ancient Chinese capital in the history of the system is a major undertaking, mostly for later generations to follow. Eastern Zhou period, the use of iron to bring agriculture, the development of handicraft production, the separation of business and population prosperity together, thus contributing to the rise of the city. Zhou royal forces in the decline, the feudal hegemony, nations have fortification fortification, creating Du Yi, the formation of a number of large and small, living at various Hou Guojun nations capital. States with the fate of the princes of the country's fate closely tied to the so-called "city of death broken country" that is the meaning. The nations capital and migration also have a siting process that is growth and decline of the feudal forces, competition is more conducive to their own development, like communication with the outside world, a reflection of unrest in the cramped corner (the nations capital see table). Most of the early Chinese capital HILLY choose plain or both within the landscape (mountains, plains) the contact area, and attached to a river. Xia, Shang and Chou dynasties in succession, and were repeatedly moved the capital, to look hard to do that though, but not from the plains of the Yellow River valley, is the choice of the location of early capital rich areas of great importance due to the fertile. Late Shang Dynasty has long Yin, respectively, two weeks off in Luoyang, central basin regime laid the early history of Chinese feudal society, capital to put the Yellow River as the axis to move the pattern of things.
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A, 3
The longest of the capital Chang'an, the greatest impact. Guanzhong Basin, are mountains with a river, four plugs for solid, blocking three sides and keep the East out enough to the system, there are brief pat Kang back trend; as from the northwest side of the Huns, Turks and Tibetan has the main threat, the choice are related also easy to resist foreign aggression, to open up territory to the northwest, so the Western Han, Sui and Tang are capital in Changan, the system is frequently outside the Royal achievements. Related deficiencies in the lies from the densely populated and economically developed of the Yellow River plains, land is limited, and products out of the capital and the Northwest Frontier difficult to meet the expense, but through the transfer canal canal, more than labor costs. After the Tang Shih, Heshuo Union soldiers, refused admittance Fu, the capital required only thousands of miles away from the Huaihe region, coupled with repeated Bingxian Chang, dilapidated, difficult to maintain the status as the capital. Luoyang, the ancient capital of nine dynasties worked. Iloilo River basin on solid, with a capital by dangerous conditions to keep the land off in the vast, though not of, but close to the rich, developed economy in the Yellow River Plain region, both land and sea transshipment of it, few of the lack of food worry. Sui and Tang dynasties all construction for the East of Luoyang, the Home Los constant, is when people play as "grain-by-emperor" is a moderate value of Luoyang geography, easy to gather tribute. Ilo is not limited to basin-shaped win advantage, center, more importantly, it helps south, where the South glimpse Jianghan, like a tendency to swallow Zhu Xia (such as Cao, Tuoba Wei) must have Luoyang. However, deviation from the Northwest Frontier of Luoyang, is difficult to take care of, so that the Eastern Han and Jin on the northwest by a little whip of the total length of no time feeling. During this period, divided according to one of the local government where most of the state (counties) of the legacy for the capital. When sixteen countries such as Yizhou into the founding of the Han, to Chengdu, the capital; before the cold, according to a Liangzhou to Guzang to all. The separatist regime generally _set_ without the provisional capital of the capital system.
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A, 4
The 12th century, Jin Bingnan, the fall of Kaifeng, CONSERVATORY regime desperate south. After several back and forth, _set_tled in Hangzhou, was promoted to Lin'an government, Shaoxing eight years (1138) formally to the government for the Southern Song capital of Lin'an, but to "line" called (see Northern Song and Southern Song Dynasty line four in Beijing.) Wang Zhenyuan Reign Under Hailing the first year (1153) from Huining Prefecture (now south of White City in Heilongjiang A child) moved the capital to Nanjing, the original analysis of Liao Jin House seat Yanjing (now Beijing), naming both Tai Hing House. Song Jinnan North confrontation, began the history of the Chinese ancient capital to the eastern coastal regions are somewhat capital position, period of succession between north and south. Hangzhou, Wu Yue Qian since the founding of its capital to the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, has made two Koreas, the capital of two hundred years. Because of the location of its capital conditions, neither the middle nor advantageous terrain can rely on, but due to its location, "Su Wu cooked, the world is enough," the country's economic center of gravity, no worries about supply; South dredging the canal with a chisel to make Jin Jiang River, Hangzhou become a transport hub of Southeast, "Pian Qiang twenty years, thirty Stanford open room"; add to, Phoenix, Wushan, Wansong Ling Fu Gang, a series, condescending, provides the ideal address to create a palace. It is a strong economic force, even to choose both breeding ground of the Southern Song Hangzhou hundred years.
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I, 5
京都 一、5
New Year's Day 1912, the interim government _set_ up the Republic of China, capital of Nanjing, in April moved the capital to Beijing. January 1, 1927 in Wuhan is the capital of the Nationalist government and begin to implement terms of reference, the same year in April, "Cunningham confluence" after moving the capital to Nanjing. 1932 "one hundred twenty-eight" Incident was Qianduluoyang to move back in November the same year. War broke out, in November 1937 moved the capital to Chongqing, and is scheduled for the provisional capital of Chongqing. After the war, in May 1946 also are Nanjing, to April 23, 1949 liberation of Nanjing (see Republic of the capital).
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I, 6
京都 一、6
Let Fu in Beijing, is China's ancient capital to accompany the history of one of the important features. Outside of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Gao Jing Yi Building Eastern Mindoro, after the passage of successive phases following the heel. Chronicles the establishment of auxiliary Beijing Capital, reasons why are: ① Kyoto functions as a supplement, such as the Western Zhou Gao Jing and Luo Yi, Tang Chang'an and Luoyang, the second north-south Beijing, the Ming Dynasty. ② show respect Xing Wang Faxiang the base, such as the North are Taiyuan Tang House (now the southwest of Taiyuan Jinyuan town), Northern Song Dynasty in Nanjing should Tianfu (now Shangqiu). ③ hunting refuge in the South, such as Chengdu, Nanjing Tang Prefecture. ④ clear streets of the ZTE in, such as Beijing, Tang Dynasty at Xizhou Fung Cheung House. ⑤ ancestral hometown of the area hills, as are specified in Fengyang (now Fengyang), leaving all clear Mukden (now Shenyang). ⑥ merely as a form, such as East and West located at position four in Beijing four auxiliary, not all from the provisional capital of the role of the location of their choice in tandem with the transfer of capital, transformation, such as the Later Tang Dynasty with the light first year (923) are Weizhou ( Hebei, northeast name today), Xing Jian Tang Tokyo Prefecture, east of the former government for the Xijing or town, state (now Zhengding) is true given the government, built the North are; after all the North Taiyuan, Luoyang as the Xijing; Qiandouluoyang later , Tokyo, Ye have also changed. Northern Song Dynasty Kaifeng, places should be Tianfu Nanjing, Henan House (now Luoyang) Xijing, Daming Fu in Beijing, and Tokyo together, four Beijing-Kaifeng. Liao to Linhuang House for Beijing to (now Liaoning Balinzuoqi South), Liaoyang government in Tokyo (now Liaoning Liaoyang), analysis of Tianjin government in Nanjing (now southwest of Beijing), Datong House for Atlantis (now Datong, Shanxi), and Dading House under construction in Beijing (now Liaoning Nanjing West), known as the Liao five in Beijing. Moved in both the Jin Tai Hing House (now Beijing) after the change in Beijing for the Beijing Liaoning, the original capital of Northern Song Kaifeng, Nanjing, also known as five-plus Ning Fu Jing Jing Hui. Position on the provisional capital of China, the distribution history of changes in position by the migration of the capital of Kyoto, the axial position of making things swing, the provisional capital of what was also found corresponding to the distribution; Kyoto eastward offshore, the provisional capital of Kyoto with the location of each home is often north and south, to have care of . Fu Jing is the capital of multi-ring _set_ to show all around guard. The emergence of secondary provisional capital of Beijing where the political, economic and cultural development and local administrative divisions _set_ up and have some impact from the waste.
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I, 7
京都 一、7
Early in the Chinese capital and more evolved from the centers of worship, palaces, ancestral temple, worship places and other royal and ceremonial buildings account for living large proportion of the city, and ordinary houses, workshops scattered hand are different. Miyagi has wall, but not to whether the capital city wall as a symbol. Capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty began to advance through planning and design and then built records. As in the occasion of the Spring and Autumn, "Systematic Research" on behalf of the early planning of the design capital of China, of which square walls to ride south to the main palace, highlighting the central axis, symmetrical layout, is the worship of gods Mother Earth , the principle of ritual worship ancestors monsoon climate and the Central Plains product of the combination, which framed the ancient capital of China, the dominant architectural form the direction and principles. During the Spring and Autumn colors highlight the nations capital of military defense, the square of the city wall near universal Ben Zhu, choose a higher location within the city of Miyagi and Guo city of two parts. Miyagi monarch within the home, built in tall buildings; government offices, houses and workshops located in Miyagi hand-Guo outside the city. Qin and Han dynasties, the Chinese capital gradually standardized architectural form to a closed system in the Square, the direction of development, peaked early Tang Dynasty. This is a strict social hierarchy during this period, strengthening the relations of personal dependence, the result of the slow development of urban commercial. To occupy the capital city of the Han palace, the main body, and the palace with a wall, Lv Li, Government Office, arsenals, workshops, markets and other urban functions, areas that are isolated, so that tends to seal the entire city, reflects not only comply with etiquette, but also to adapt to imperial politics and life needs. And the Sui and Tang Wei are somewhat north of the city the capital of the palace or Xibei Yu, sub-building Miyagi, Imperial and foreign Guo triple wall, to strengthen the defense; houses, government office, outside the temple was confined to the imperial city Guo, Square, with tall rectangular walled into a number of closed or square Square area to help strengthen public control. City restaurants concentrated in one or two workshops, the unified management by the official, timing open and close. The whole city showed a pattern of checkerboard-like closed. Late Tang and Five, with the widespread practice of tenancy, personal attachment relationship relaxation, the urban population explosion. Urban private business, handicraft development, frequent exchange of goods, street shop, popular night market, a new trading zone in the official limit of the "market", these commercial activities to strengthen the city, started to break the walls and walls of the restrictions, essentially Square City has shaken the closed system. Northern Song capital of Kaifeng city layout with an open vertical Street Long Lane a popular hundreds of years to change the closed system in the Square, is the capital of China's feudal society in the late precursor to change the layout of shapes. Miyagi is located in the city of Kaifeng in central, so that the longitudinal axis of the city become more prominent.
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II, 1
京都 二、1
京都 二、1
Region: Japan Level: Level Administrative Region of Japan, Kyoto Prefecture in the Kansai region prefectures one. Area: 4612.71 square kilometers Total population: 2,646,569 people (February 1, 2004). House rule in Kyoto. Location: Kyoto Prefecture in Japan's main islands - Honshu Island, the Midwest, east of Mie Prefecture and Shiga Prefecture, west of Hyogo Prefecture, south of Osaka Prefecture and Nara Prefecture, Fukui Prefecture in Northeast neighborhood north near the Sea of Japan. Description: Kyoto Prefecture has a population of 2.6 million, more than 80% concentrated in the city, an area of 4613 square km. Kyoto climate, beautiful scenery. The territory of southern Kyoto basin, north Tamba, Tango mountain, with an average altitude of about 600 meters. Prominent in the Sea of Japan after Aodan Peninsula in the east for the Wakasa Bay. _Set_tlement of the coast, there are Maizuru, Miyazu and other harbor. Large rivers, tributaries of the Yodo River, and the good Lord and Sichuan. 75% of forest area. The annual average temperature 14-15 ℃. Precipitation is 1,400 mm below the southern and northern 1,600-2,600 mm long period of snow. Old Guinea's mountain country, mountain country most of the vagina and Tamba Tango States. This includes 11 cities, the capital of Kyoto. _Set_ in 1868 Kyoto. To the motor industry, textile, food, etc, the transport machinery (ship), chemical, general machinery than developed. Senior silk traditional industries, dyeing, ceramics, wine, and lacquer ware, fans, etc. Su-renowned arts and crafts. 78% of arable land is paddy field. Famous tea production in the southern hills. Breast meat livestock industry is developed. Rich in fish, sea and land transport facilitation. More historic attractions, temples, Arts and Crafts architecture and natural beauty. The major cities of Kyoto, Uji, Maizuru and so on.
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II, 2
京都 二、2
京都 二、2
City Department: Fukuchiyama | Maizuru City | Ayabe City | Uji City | Miyazu City | Kameoka City | City of Shenyang City | Japanese City | Nagaokakyo City | Yawata City | Beijing Tanabe City | Kyotango | South Dan City | Kizugawa City Otokuni County: Big Yamasaki-cho Kuze-gun: a long-cho, Mount Royal Augmented HI County: Ide-cho | Tahara-cho, Uji Sagara-gun: Kasagi-cho | and beam-cho | Seika Town | Town Village, Nanshan Funai County: Beijing Tamba Town And Xie County: Ine Town | Yosano Town
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II, 3
713 Tamba the country since the country split Tango 740 on the reading of the relocation of the capital Christine Ren Jing 784 Huan reading of the relocation of the capital Nagaokakyo 794 moved the capital to Heian-kyo 866 days on the door of the change should be 1156 Baoyuan Rebellion 1183 Source Yoshinaka to Beijing, fleeing Heike 1221 Rebellion bearing years, _set_ six Baltic probe questions Jian Wu Zhongxing 1337 1338 Muromachi shogunate established 1392 Southern One 1467 Onin Oda Nobunaga to Beijing 1568 1582 Temple of the change instinct 1586 Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the construction of the first befriending 1601 _set_ by the Division on behalf of the Kyoto New group formed in 1863 election 1864 Royal Gate of the change clams Restoration in 1867, repealed Town to pursue the Kyoto 1868 Battle of Toba Fushimi, Kyoto Prefecture established In 1869 Emperor Meiji, Edo line fortunate. Establish a capital Tokyo. Kyoto City was established in 1889. Part-time mayor of Governor House. _Set_ in Maizuru Navy guarding the House 4 (Maizuru guarding the House) Founded in 1892, Big Ben taught in Ayabe 1897 _set_ the Kyoto Dishi Museum, Kyoto Imperial University 1898, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture and the separation of the two organizations to become _Set_ in 1907 in the deep grass 16 Division (Division 4 of the separation from) Huge pool of 1932 dried Extension career began Starling Division 16 of 1944, the Battle of Leyte military destruction 1945 6 U.S. military commander, General Krueger to Luoyang Tiger 1950, Ninagawa three elected governor of Kyoto Prefecture, innovation, government policy (~ 1978) Okubo 1957 base _set_tings GSDF 1964 opening of Tokaido Shinkansen Culture of ancient capital of Kyoto in 1994, financial, and registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Tanabe City in Beijing was established in 1997 Established in 2004 Kyotango
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C, 1
京都 三、1
京都 三、1
Refers to Japan's Kyoto City (ki ょ う と, Kyouto), south of Kyoto Prefecture (mountain areas) of the city, an area of 827.90 square kilometers, with a total population of 1,469,472 people (September 1, 2005), Kyoto Prefecture Office is located. Are ordinance-designated city, including Japan, the Tokyo area for the whole population of seventh. And Osaka, and Kobe together as the "Kyoto Kobe metropolitan area." Kyoto, 794-1869 AD, the capital of Japan, the name "Heian-kyo." The construction of the Heian Period Japan "Green Beijing", as the capital of the Heian period and the Muromachi period, the central government of Japan; until the Meiji Tokyo travel until 1100, the Emperor of Japan in general are all living in the city. A city in 1889. The textile industry the most, the food (wine making, etc.) and electrical, transport machinery, publishing and printing, precision machinery, chemicals, copper and so on. Su renowned Nishijin silk, dyeing, ceramics, wine, lacquerware, fans and other traditional industries are also quite famous. Formation of the southern city of Kobe Luonan industrial zone industrial area as a part of. Land and air transportation hub. Commercial development. Kyoto University, National College has more than. Tourism industry developed, many historical relics and ancient artifacts, with the National Palace, Heian Shrine and so on. Arashiyama foothills northwest of Turtle Park, built in 1979, Zhou Enlai Monument.
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III, 2
Kyoto Area 11 consists of the following form. Map of Ancient Kyoto Ukyo District Kamigyo North Sakyo-ku Area under the Kyoto In the Beijing area Xijing District Dongshan District Fushimi-ku Southern Yamashina area City tree: maple, willow, laurel City flower: camellia, azaleas, cherry blossoms Autonomy Day: October 15 Mayor: Education and the Lai Coordinates: longitude 135 degrees 46 minutes 00 seconds north latitude and 35 degrees 00 minutes 00 seconds
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III, 3
Golden Pavilion Temple in Kyoto is not conservative, it is only to preserve their ancient style. The development of new art, culture and traditions and so, Kyoto has spared no effort. Distant historical background, making the Kyoto inherited, such as architecture, painting, sculpture, gardening, historical and folk art, architecture and rich cultural heritage and cultural relics. Nearly fifteen percent of Japan's important national cultural property can be found in Kyoto. Its cultural heritage, whether in quality or quantity, are among the highest in Japan. Kyoto has many cultural heritage, "the ancient capital of Kyoto Cultural Heritage" in 1994 has been registered as world cultural heritage. Including Kyoto, 17 monuments, which are: Kiyomizu Temple, Nijo Castle, Golden Pavilion Temple, Silver Pavilion Temple, Tenryu-ji, Ryoanji, Enryakuji, High Temple, Yan and Temple, West Fong Temple, East Temple, Daigo Temple, West of the May Temple, on the Kamo Shrine, duck under the shrine, the Shrine, Uji, equality School Phoenix Church. Byodoin Phoenix Church is today in the 10-yen coin printed on the back of the building. Kyoto's cultural heritage is far more than these buildings, these buildings also include'll stay with the surrounding environment, including some not registered as a World Heritage architecture and landscape. The temple contains both the architectural beauty, but also contains the garden, the beauty of shape, seamless integration with the surrounding environment is indeed a fine traditional art. Kyoto, people are very love their environment, in 1994 there Kyoto 60 meters above the hotel, there are a lot of people think that these high-rise buildings Kyoto Kyoto destroyed the original landscape and atmosphere, and some sites even refused to live in these high-level hotels off the park in protest. Kyoto has a beautiful natural scenery and rich cultural landscape. Tourists visit Kyoto each year 56 million people, of whom 52 million were overseas tourists. Guests can enjoy a taste of Japan's customs and various types of accommodation, with the larger hotels are fluent in English and French and other foreign language staff to enable overseas visitors enjoyed every minute. In Kyoto, people strung song names to remember. Such as the "Wan Zhu Yi" Second charge Yi Zhu Yu Wan Chi (Ma ru ta け え お に し お び す い け) Percent of the three hexagonal octopus Kam (Thou ne ku san ta こ ろ っ か に し ki) Aya Fo Takamatsu four million five (ぶ し あ や ま っ つ か ま ん ta ご う じ ょ) Snow Duo ち ち ゃ ゃ ら ら の fish shed (せ ら っ ち ゃ ゃ ta ち ら う お な の ta) Six of seven す と お ぎ ri (ひ ろ っ く う ち じ ょ う と お ri su ょ ぎ) れ ば こ え eight East Temple Road (は ち じ ょ れ ば と う こ え ち み う じ) Nine road ど め で と さ desu (お く う じ ょ じ お め で と さ ど desu) Second charge Yi Zhu Yu Wan Chi Octopus Kam sister three hexagonal Aya Takamatsu four million five Buddha Sound fish shed the money bags Adopted six of seven After eight is the East Temple Road Nine road even into a film This is the first since the Meiji, in order for vehicle to pass and re-planning after finishing the new lyrics. Second charge Yi Zhu Yu Wan Chi (Ma ta け え べ す る に し お い け お) Percent of the three hexagonal octopus Kam (Thou ne ku san ta こ ろ っ か に し ki) Aya Fo Takamatsu four million five (ぶ し あ や ま っ つ か ま ん ta ご う じ ょ) Snow Duo ち ち ゃ ゃ ら ら の fish shed (せ ら っ ち ゃ ゃ ta ち ら う お な の ta) Six three-Zhe と お ri su ぎ (ろ く う じ ょ つ て と お san desu ぎ ri) れ ば こ え seven eighty-nine (ひ ち じ こ え れ ば ょ う は ち じ く う ょ) Ten East Temple で す と さ め ど (じ ゅ う じ ょ う と う じ で す と さ め ど) Second charge Yi Zhu Yu Wan Chi Octopus Kam sister three hexagonal Aya Takamatsu four million five Buddha Sound fish shed the money bags By the six three-Zhe After a seven is eighty-nine Until the date ten-ji Temple Together with the names is explained: Maruta-cho, Takenoya cho, Yi Chuan, two, charge paths, Oike Sister road, three, hexagonal, octopus pharmacists, Kam path Four, Aya path, Buddhist Temple, the high Tsuji, Matsubara, Wanshou, five Snow peptide town house (now the bayberry), key housing-cho, fish shed Six Seven, eight, nine Ten This old nursery rhyme first names are from north to south, a line is a road from west to east included names, so the road had ten. (Kyoto, looks like a big box map is fragmented into many small square, the road is straight) In the song "ち ち ゃ ゃ ら ら" seems to be referring to key housing estates cho cho Avenue and the Avenue of money (now gone) of the "key" or "money" the pronunciation of the word. In addition, "Temple Miyuki (Luo Zhongjian path)" is the vertical (north to south, from east to west) of the street names. Temple housing the rich bran Yoo Miyuki Sakai (て ら ご こ ふ や と み さ や か な い ぎ) Between the East High Town Car Ownership (Ta か が し ひ あ い ま や く る う ち ょ) Ukraine Liangtishiyi (う か ら が え す ri ょ む ろ こ ろ も) Ogawa-machi, West Block, the new reactor (し ち か ま ん ま ん に し お が わ ざ) Oil wake ヶ water wells で の Horikawa (ぶ ら あ さ め が い か わ の で Mizuho ri み ず) Jia Omiya へ black pig house (よ し や い の お み や お く ろ へ) Song Higurashi ni Zhihuiguangyuan (つ ひ ぐ ら し ま に ち え こ う い ん) Net Fu one thousand は て は Nishijin (じ ょ う ん ふ く は せ ん ぼ て は に し じ ん) Road name Teramachi General → General → Miyuki-cho-cho bran house through a small road leads → → Fu Tong Liu Race through → → Sakai-cho Takakura-cho General → General → East between the hospital through holes through → → Caravan Town Karasuma Liangtidingtong through → → → Muromachi pass through clothing shed → New Town Block pass through → → West kettle hole Ogawa General Hospital → General → ヶ small lead to wake up the oil wells → General → General → Horikawa Jia Tong → pig housing cho black bears through the door → General → General → Omiya Higurashi Matsuyamachi pass through → → → Chi General Hospital Megumi light Temple made thousands of net pass through → → West Array (names) ※ Last の "West Front" は な famous Nishijin weaving で の geographical names DESU
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III, 4
From the 794 Kyoto became the capital of Japan, called "Heian-kyo." So far, 1,200 years of history. Building since it received the baptism of numerous historical storms, the change is quite huge. However, always Sometimes imported the most advanced technology and equipment installations in the industrial, economic and cultural development, has made tremendous contributions. Until now, has not displayed the old charm of ancient. At the same time retain the integrity of Kyoto, more than a thousand years of history of its cultural heritage. Led to temples and shrines, with ancient-style buildings housing the presence of a witness of history. Exquisite handicrafts of various rituals and technology demonstration of the will of the development of their inheritance. Kyoto is a great ancient city. North and South about 5.2km, something about 4.7km. Suzaku road to the center (width about 85m) into the left Beijing, the right two districts of Beijing, who has a large maximum in the resident population of 15 million. Sakyo, Ukyo state-run market were the two areas, store a wealth of properties around the country. Handicraft is also a direct government management. High-tech talent gathered here. The ancient capital of the north of the Imperial Palace Emperor, and government agencies. It is the center of Japanese politics. Headed by the emperor, nobles, officials, warriors and so live in here. The surrounding area is the residence of government officials, orderly house, the formation of the residence Street. "Staggered planting willow and cherry blossoms, such as Kam-like satin." Beijing itself has at its height in the landscape of Japan, after 200 years after the mid-10th century, great changes - the right of Beijing because it is wetlands, should not be occupied, the population decreased, leading to the loss of urban style of color, back in rural areas scene. Concentration of the population gradually left Beijing area, crossed the city limits, east of the duck Rivera, and even the north has also been a great development. However, the "Green Beijing" have not been able to maintain its overall look. Between the 11th century to the 12th century, Heian-kyo has a new name --- Kyoto. Kyoto in the early Middle Ages this name been fixed. The weakness of the court led to the birth of the samurai regime. Kyoto as a nation have become nominal. Kamogawa home town east of the ear base to become samurai regime, the new urban landscape formed in the Dongshan area. History is not that simple. Middle Ages, the rise of Buddhism in Kyoto, the center of a new, Kitayama, Dongshan and Xishan foothills built many temples. Principle in addition to Heian-ji Temple and West Temple, other than not monasteries, but in support of the people are starting to build up. The 13th century, 14th century, 15th century, with the changing era, as a religious and cultural city of Kyoto was given a new unique landscape and character. Medieval Kyoto, people in activity. In the past the majority of state-owned industries in the commercial workers, the decline of the industry at any time, forced to become independent, their _set_ up a "seat" - a common combination in order to protect business interests, more than the previous generation industry, the industrial economy has an unprecedented development. This momentum has also affected the administrative and cultural. The realization of the common sense of the city, in the ritual in Gion has been faithfully reflected. Meanwhile, Kyoto is also a city of Commerce and Industry to develop into the largest city in Japan. However, the city finally built in the 15th century 11 years but because of civil strife - to be benevolent and civilized chaos, but suffered a devastating blow. To back date, after spending nearly 500 years. Even so, it is no longer able to return before it. Kyoto to become a complete upper and lower split into two areas, between the two districts, nearly 2km of the pastoral zone. At this time of the urban landscape lasted about a century. Toyotomi Hideyoshi in the unity government after the Kyoto was a complete transformation of the fundamental. First of all landfill space between the two areas to carry out overall planning for the recovery of the entire integration of Kyoto, a large building. Since the founding of Kyoto, the first time, covered up in the surrounding area Doi. The center of the Imperial Palace built by the Emperor - Imperial Palace. Befriending the new section (palace name) magnificent. As a result, the Kyoto entered the modern so. Toyotomi regime, and the next Tokugawa regime, the shrine a marked revival of the temple, the city has been restored in the world the face of the religious culture of the city. Characteristics of industrial cities has also been significantly restored, In particular the late 17th century, the West has become a world-renowned position zone textile areas. But it will not be for long. 18th century to the 19th century, Po Wing, dawn, three fires per rule, the Kyoto residual weight loss. People active in the restoration of the building, the fire element rule has been conducting post-disaster recovery to the Meiji period. Status was taken away from the capital during the Edo period in Kyoto, in the early years of the Meiji restoration period of time, the capital position. But for political reasons, the capital was again moved back to Tokyo. Kyoto also failed to stop the public protest the pace of migration of the emperor. Over the past royalty, powerful people are starting to move out. Kyoto crisis, have lost much past the bustling scene. But the people of Kyoto in an uncompromising spirit, the ruins of the fire to go all out after the re-construction. Disapproval among the Quartet, is still a bold reform - for the delivery of energy to ensure the water resources of Lake Biwa for water conservancy construction, the textile industry on the West Front of technological innovations, new workshops, solid, moving forward. Great idea for a century under construction, when the government in 28 years, 1100 to commemorate the relocation of the capital, held the fourth back to the "National Kangyo Fair." Meiji 37 years later, more innovation will be implemented, starting from the 20th century, the "three major cause." To this end, the huge government investment funds, for as long as 10 efforts. This makes the true sense of the Kyoto accepted from the Modern, said the big transformation of the phase appropriate. Modern Kyoto survived in World War II are, in many ways has been developed. Produced a world-renowned academic institutions, apex industry, has become a famous cultural heritage destination. However, this was not complacent people of Kyoto, along with the times forward development. Without these, in 1200, a city in the history of the fire may be forever gone. Kyoto is not a "museum" city, but a historical city.
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III, 5
Our traffic is very convenient to go to Japan. Pudong Airport to Kyoto flights every day, about 1 hour and 45 minutes or so to reach the Kansai International Airport. Airport shuttle bus at the airport, in the mouth to Kyoto Station eight runs between Kansai International Airport. Visitors from Kyoto Daigo Temple in the morning, and Keihan Kyoto ANA Hotel, three car and takes 105 minutes. 2,300 yen adult fare, children ¥ 1,150. Another Express haruka, from JR Kyoto Station to Kansai International Airport. An average of 1 hour 2 classes, as long as 75 minutes can be reached. Kyoto's traffic is very convenient. The city has municipal buses, Kyoto Bus, JR Bus and subway, trams, taxis and so on. Visitors can use and destination of transport consistent and effective to save time, a happy sense of travel. City Bus The general body of the vehicle bus is light green with dark green stripes, but also colorful buses. Tourists on the bus from the back door, with tickets from the box to receive tickets. Got off early rang to inform the driver. Fare within the city range is equivalent to 200 yen. Outside the equivalence interval as in, put on the car to receive the designation of a bus ticket the amount of money expressed in a positive, along with the ticket fee on the box beside the driver, from the front door to get off. Note to early for a good coin. Half price for children under the age of 12, an adult can bring two children under 6 years of age. Municipal bus-only card: a discount of 2,000 yuan denomination, and Beijing to use the same card. In the equivalent interval, and any day of the general bus tickets, magnetic cards, limit the amount of the day with 700 yen, it is suitable for tourist use. Metro and tram The city has north-south Karasuma Line running east-west subway lines with running things, there Jingfu trams, Keihan Railway, Hankyu in six tram. Smoking is prohibited inside the car. Buy a ticket in the automatic purchase of machines, _insert_ coins or bank notes, and then press the destination button. Use Prepaid (prepaid) card directly through the station ticket gate ticket. Through the automatic ticket machines, the first ticket or card into them, keep in mind after taking out a good income, but also used the ticket to the destination recovery. Beijing traffic card: city bus all vehicles can use this card, it can be a subway ticket gate. It has two 1,000 yuan and 3,000 yuan, 3,000 yuan in no time, and can be used for more than two passengers.
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III, 6
京都 三、6
Paper umbrella Kyoto, paper umbrella is very elegant use of materials, colors, patterns are highly characteristic of Japan. Is entirely hand-made paper umbrella, two months to produce ten to twenty, the price is expensive, but also 552 yen a minimum. Nishijin Nishijin weaving district in the West position of senior textiles. Kyoto, very high quality silk, superb printing techniques and original patterns to give a special beauty. Travel to Japan, Nishijin woven ties, tablecloths, kimono belts are all gifts to friends and relatives to share. Kyo-yaki Ceramics made in Kyoto, collectively known as Kyo-yaki, also known as burning water. Kyo-yaki and fine texture, color harmony. Plates, vases, tea _set_s and have high artistic value of the process of porcelain are good souvenirs. Beijing fruit Kyoto Kyoto is a traditional fruit candy, before the ceremony for the Shrine, especially for vegetarian feast. They are generally fruity, very popular with children welcome. Kyoto sweets not only taste good, pretty appearance is more important. Color, shape everything, so dizzying. Some candy stores also used sixties and seventies of the poster paper to wrap candies, but also express a nostalgic mood.
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Words to explain
【Name】: Kyoto 【Pinyin】: jīng dū 【Phonetic】: ㄐ ㄧ ㄥ ㄉ ㄨ Basic interpretation ◎ Kyoto jīngdū (1) [the capital of a country] States. Capital There Kyoto sound. - Tang Bai "Pipa (and order)" (2), when Sima Jin said at the time, because of King (Sima division) taboo division, it said the capital in Kyoto; or that the Japanese ancient capital, also called Atlantis, in the southwest of Honshu Island Explained Definition: capital; capital. 【Source】: "Han Xiao Cheng Xu wife's family passed down the Queen": "a masterpiece in the great emperor, was defeated by evil and Kyoto." Tang Bai "Pipa" order: "Listen to its sound, clank sound then there is Kyoto. "Guanying" Spirit threats I Tariff ":" Secretary General of the Kyoto ad hoc. " 【Example】: Yang Shuo "towering building from the ground": "Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula distant confrontation, the formation of the Bohai Strait, it is said, the throat area on the art of war, no wonder is called here, is the gateway to Kyoto." Press, Wei and Jin Dynasties , due to avoid division Lei Sima, the capital were renamed the "Kyoto." Jin Zuo Si "Ode to History" one poem: "Border Town if Mingdi, Yuxi Kyoto fly." Qing Qian Daxin "Nianer Sculley different one of the Three Kingdoms": "'the beginning of the first year of yellow, something in the Kyoto Imperial Ancestral Temple.' To avoid Jin Shi Chen Emperor Jing (Sima division) limb, said the capital in Kyoto. "
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Encyclopedia
京都 百科辞典
Jingdu Kyoto Ky □ to Japan's ancient capital, the famous culture, tour the city. Capital of Kyoto Prefecture. Honshu Island, central west, southwest of Lake Biwa, Kyoto Basin. Area of 610.6 square km, population 1,469,000 (1986). Located in low-lying basins, streets north elevation of 70 meters, the south is only 11 meters. Takano River, He Maochuan runs through the city from north to south, Katsura River flows west from the city. Climate mild and humid, with a bit inland, cold and heat varied. Annual average temperature 15.2 ℃, 1 monthly minimum -0.6 ℃, 8 month high 33.2 ℃. Annual precipitation 1669 mm, concentrated in the 6 to 9 months. Kyoto City, also known as "Atlantis", also called "Heian-kyo." AD 794, the Japanese capital from "Nagaokakyo" (now Kyoto Prefecture southwest) moved to difficult terrain of the Kyoto basin. Modeled after the 8th century Tang Dynasty Chang'an and Luoyang City in the architectural style, in this build new capital, and the name "Heian-kyo", which means peace and tranquility. 1467 destroyed by the war and after reconstruction by the Azuchi-Momoyama period, the population increased to 20 million. The late Edo period to 60 million. As long as the capital of Kyoto in 1075, it is "ancient capital," said. 1869, after moving the capital Tokyo, Kyoto is still the religious and cultural center. 1871 _set_ up a "Kyoto", 1889 _set_ up a "Kyoto." Textile industry developed, the traditional silk fabrics and handicrafts, the famous "Nishijin" and "Yuzen dyeing," nearly one thousand years of history. Products with local characteristics of ceramic water there, "Fushimi wine", "Beijing humanoid" and lacquer. Emerging electronic, electrical, transport machinery and printing and publishing are also development. In order to maintain the traditional style of the ancient city, many new enterprises, the layout of the post-war historical and cultural sites in fewer satellite towns. Land transport hub. Tokyo - Hakata high-speed rail across the south of the city, the name (Old House) God (households) expressways cutting through the urban area was the southern edge of the arc, and with the East (Beijing) name (old house) and other expressways form a highway network , leading to the country. Tokyo, 11 municipal districts, the main commercial district in Beijing; City, east and west sides of the suburbs, is the main tourist area; City, South for the industrial zone, has a "Luonan industrial zone" and the Osaka, Kobe, even as industrial area one, a "Beijing Hanshin industrial zone" part. (Cong Shu-Yuan)
South District