唐代 人物列表
李隆基 Li LongJi李世民 Li Shimin李治 Li Zhi
李显 Li Xian李旦 Li Dan李亨 Li Heng
李适 Li Kuo李昂 Li Ang李忱 Li Chen
李晔 Li Ye李豫 Li Yu李渊 Li Yuan
李重茂 Li Chongmao李诵 Li Song李纯 Li Chun
李恒 Li Heng李湛 Li Zhan李瀍 Li Chan
李漼 Li Cui李儇 Li Xuan唐哀帝 Tang Aidi
沈法兴 Shen Faxing李子通 Li Zitong刘黑闼 Liu Heita
王摩沙 Wang Masha
李瀍 Li Chan
唐代  (814年846年)
姓:
名:
网笔号: 至道昭肃孝皇帝
庙号: 武宗
陵墓: 端陵
开端终结
在位840年846年
会昌841年1月846年12月

  唐武宗,武宗生于元和九年(814)六月十一日,本名李瀍(chán),汉族,临死前十几天改名李炎。在位时间:840年-846年;曾用年号:会昌;庙号;武宗;安葬地:端陵。武宗即位的过程,正是文宗即位的重演。
  
  登基
  文宗即位以后,一度想立长兄敬宗皇帝的儿子晋王普为嗣,不幸的是晋王普于太和二年(828)六月5岁时夭折,文宗追赐他皇太子的名号。一直到了太和六年十月,他立了自己的儿子鲁王永为太子,第二年八月举行了册礼。文宗的杨妃不满意太子永,一直谋求废掉他,因为朝廷上阻力重重没有成功,但太子永在开成三年(838)十月暴死,使此事划上了句号。太子的死使文宗很是伤感,认为自己枉为天子却不能保全儿子的性命,他除了追赐儿子为“庄恪太子”外,还把火气发到太子身边的宫人身上,从此文宗也抑郁成疾。开成四年十月,文宗没有同意杨妃立弟弟安王溶的提议,而是立了敬宗的第六子陈王成美为太子,还没有来得及行册礼,文宗就一病不起了。
  开成五年正月初二,文宗密旨宦官枢密使刘弘逸与宰相李珏等奉太子监国。但是神策军左右护军中尉仇士良、鱼弘志为贪拥立之功,以太子年幼多病难当重任为由,提出重立皇太子。宰相李珏据理力争,也奈何不了手握神策军的仇士良、鱼弘志,他们假传圣旨,将文宗的五弟颍王瀍立为皇太弟,从十六宅迎入宫中。太子成美仍然以陈王的爵位退居藩王府邸。文宗驾崩之后,颍王柩前即位,这就是唐武宗。武宗即位后,将已过世的生母韦氏追册为皇太后。
  
  图治
  武宗身材高大,性情豪爽,他即位这年,已是27岁。多年来他迷信道教,周围经常有一批道士相往来,比起纯粹生长在深宫中的王子来说,他多了一些观察社会的机会。与文宗不喜欢声色歌舞不同,武宗经常骑马游乐,还常常带着他宠爱的那位邯郸舞伎出身的王才人到教坊饮酒作乐,与乐人谐戏,就好像老百姓家的宴席一般。但又和敬宗无节制地游乐不同,武宗并没有沉湎其中,声色自娱过程中他时刻保持清醒的头脑,没有因此耽误了国家大事。他读书虽然不如文宗,但是他更能知人善任,而且也似乎少了一些书生意气和迂腐,能够面对现实,很多时候他敢于向宰相当面认错,尤其是他信任和重用李德裕,使得他们君臣在会昌年间内忧外患交织的时刻,能够沉着应付,度过难关。
  武宗即位之初,在仇士良等人的胁迫下,大开杀戒。文宗的妃子杨氏、陈王成美、安王溶等潜在的政治对手均被赐死。在开成五年(840)八月为文宗举行的安葬典礼上,仇士良又把枢密使刘弘逸等杀死,以解除对其权势所造成的威胁。
  宰相李珏、杨嗣复被罢相贬往外地,武宗本来已经下令将二人处死,但在李德裕的强烈请求下,赦免了他们的性命。仇士良等人因有拥立之功,在朝廷上很是跋扈,他们见皇帝十分信任李德裕,便想给他一个下马威,却被武宗巧妙地化解了。会昌三年,仇士良以老病为由提出退职,武宗也就顺水推舟,解除了仇士良的军权。仇士良在手下宦官送他退居私邸时,曾经对这些人有过一段绝妙的表白。仇士良说:“诸君善事天子,能听老夫一句话吗?”众人唯唯诺诺。他说:“天子不可令闲暇,一有闲暇必定读圣贤之书,见儒学之臣,就会听到大臣的劝谏,天子就会因此而智深虑远,就会减少玩乐、放弃游幸而专心理政,我等所受的恩宠就会变薄而权力就会变轻了。为诸君考虑,最好的办法莫过于广殖财货,多养鹰马,每日以打球狩猎声色迷惑天子心志,越是极尽侈靡,就越会使天子喜悦,他就越不知道停息。这样一来,天子必定排斥经术,倦怠政事,我等就可以万机在手,恩泽权力还愁不牢固吗?”一席话,使众人心服口服。这也正是仇士良专权跋扈、恩礼不衰的经验之谈。只是,他的办法对武宗似乎不是很灵验。仇士良退职不久,就在自己的府邸死去。
  
  会昌中兴
  武宗灭佛,历史上称为“会昌法难”,与北魏太武帝和北周武帝的灭佛合称“三武之厄”。
  唐朝建国,以道教为国教,但是佛道之争一直没有间断。武宗身在藩邸之时就喜好道术,即位后更是崇尚道术,他将太上玄元皇帝老子的降诞日(二月二十五日)定为降圣节,全国休假一天;又在宫中设道场,在大明宫修筑望仙台,拜道士赵归真为师,对他们的长生不老之术和仙丹妙药十分迷信。
  武宗灭佛,主要是因为道士赵归真等得到信任,宣扬佛道不能并存。武宗也认为佛僧的存在影响了他修炼成仙,当时的道士还散布舆论说:“李氏十八子,昌运方尽,便有黑衣天子理国。”他们解释说:“黑衣者,僧人也。”就是说僧侣将取代李唐国统。这样的情况下,武宗灭佛就理所当然了。据说,为了维护道教,天下不准使用独脚车,这是因为独脚车会碾破道中心,会引起道士心不安。为了防止黑气上升,以防止“黑衣天子”出世,武宗还禁止民间豢养黑色的猪、黑狗、黑驴、黑牛等。这些说法未必可信,但是反映了武宗大举灭佛时的心理状态。
  从会昌二年(842)十月起,武宗下令凡违反佛教戒律的僧侣必须还俗,并没收其财产。这期间有个僧人自称能够做“剑轮”并能打败敌军,武宗准许他试做,结果不能做成,就把他杀了。此后,武宗陆续下令限制佛寺的僧侣人数,不得私自剃度,限制僧侣蓄养奴婢的数量,很多寺院被拆毁,大量的僧侣被强迫还俗。会昌四年(844)二月,武宗降旨“不许供养佛牙”,同时规定:代州五台山及泗州普光寺、终南山五台寺、凤翔府法门寺等有佛指骨之处,严禁供养和瞻仰,如有一人送一钱者,背杖二十;若是僧尼在这些地方受一钱施舍者,背杖二十。到会昌五年(845),又开始了更大规模的灭佛。他下令僧侣40岁以下者全部还俗,不久又规定为50岁以下,很快连50岁以上的如果没有祠部的度牒也要还俗,就连天竺和日本来的求法僧人也被强迫还俗。日本圆仁和尚在他写的《入唐求法巡礼行记》中详细记录了这次“法难”的情况。
  根据武宗的旨意,这年秋七月裁并天下佛寺。天下各地上州留寺一所,若是寺院破落不堪,便一律废毁;下州寺院全部拆废。长安和洛阳开始允许保留10寺,每寺僧10人。后来又规定各留两寺,每寺留僧30人。京师左街留慈恩寺和荐福寺,右街留西明寺和庄严寺。天下各地拆废寺院和铜像、钟磬,所得金、银、铜一律交付盐铁使铸钱,铁则交付本州铸为农器,还俗僧侣各自放归本籍充作国家的纳税户。如是外国人,送还本处收管。
  武宗这次大规模的灭佛,天下一共拆除寺庙4600余所,拆招提、兰若4万余所,僧尼26万余人还俗成为国家的两税户,没收寺院所拥有的膏腴上田数千万顷,没收奴婢为两税户15万人,另外还强制大秦穆护、祆3000余人还俗。武宗灭佛沉重打击了寺院经济,增加了政府的纳税人口,扩大了国家的经济来源。
  武宗虽灭佛,自己成仙的愿望却没能实现。他急切地想要得到道士们炼制的仙丹妙药,多次催促。道士赵归真告诉他,有一种仙药只有在吐蕃才能得到,请求前往采制。这实际上是赵归真找机会脱身。武宗没有放他走,答应派其他人去,还问他求仙到底用什么药,要他开具一个细目。赵归真无计可施,就给武宗开出了一个炼制仙药所需的用药清单:
  李子衣十斤,桃毛十斤,生鸡膜十斤,龟毛十斤,兔角十斤。
  这几乎是一个永远无法备齐的单子,武宗居然下令各地求购。
  武宗由于服用所谓的仙丹妙药,身体受到极大损伤。药物作用之下,他开始变得容颜消瘦、性情乖张。赵归真告诉他这是在换骨,是正常情况,所以身边的人规劝他少服丹药,他也不听。对于长生的狂热追求使武宗难以自拔了。会昌六年(846)的新年朝会,由于武宗病重也没有举行。这时候,道士们依然编造鬼话欺骗他。他们告诉武宗,生病是因为皇帝的名字“瀍”从“水”,与唐朝崇尚土德不合。土胜水,“瀍”名被土德所克制,所以不利,应该改名为“炎”,炎从“火”,与土德相合,可以消除灾祸。然而,改名并没有给他带来鸿运,且病情日渐加重,旬日之间口不能言,宰相李德裕等请求觐见,也没有得到允许。
  
  击败回鹘可汗
  会昌六年三月二十三日,即改名之后的12天,宫中就传出了武宗驾崩的消息。他的妃子王氏殉节自缢而死。武宗成为太宗、宪宗、穆宗之后,又一位因为服食仙丹妙药而死的皇帝。唐会昌二年(842年)至三年,唐军击破回鹘乌介可汗军,安定北部边疆的战争。
  开成四年(839年),回鹘国宰相安允合、特勒柴革密谋作乱,被彰信可汗觉察后诛杀。另一宰相掘罗勿正率兵在外征战,恐被株连,以马300匹贿赂沙陀酋长朱邪赤心,借沙陀兵共攻彰信可汗。彰信战败自杀,国人立(厂盍)馺特勒为可汗。时草原发生疾疫,遇大雪,羊马多死,回鹘遂衰。
  开成五年秋,回鹘别将句录莫贺为彰信复仇,引黠戛斯骑兵10万进攻掘罗勿,大败其众,杀掘罗勿和(厂盍)馺可汗,焚烧可汗牙帐,回鹘诸部四散逃亡。可汗弟咀没斯和宰相赤心、仆固、特勒那颉啜各率其众抵天德军(治大同川,今内蒙古乌拉特前旗东北)驻地,请求归附内地,十月十四日。天德军使奏报回鹘兵侵逼西城(唐西受降城,今内蒙河套地区),连绵60里,不见其尾,边民恐惧不安。唐武宗李炎乃诏命振武节度使刘沔屯兵云迦关。
  唐会昌元年(841年)二月,回鹘内部争战,牙帐附近的13个部落拥立王子乌希特勒为乌介可汗,南保错子山。九月,唐廷诏命河东、振武军队严加防范,并给乌介谷米2万斛,助其度荒。十一月,回鹘乌介可汗带兵劫杀了送唐太和公主南归的达干等人,把公主作为人质,向南穿过戈壁,屯兵天德军境上。乌介可汗又派人上表唐廷,提出暂借振武军(治朔州,今山西朔县)一城居住。十二月,唐武宗命右金吾大将军王会等人前往慰问,赈济米2万斛,委婉拒绝其借城要求。
  会昌二年二月,回鹘再次奏请赈济粮食,要求寻回被吐谷浑、党项掠夺的人口,并再次请借振武城。武宗诏谕城不能借,其他可以应接处理。为防备回鹘突然入侵,唐命刘沔为河东节度使,金吾上将军李忠顺为振武节度使。三月,回鹘咀没斯诱杀了内部劲敌赤心和仆固。那颉啜收留赤心之众7000帐向东逃去,侵掠唐边。四月二十日,咀没斯率特勒、宰相等2200余人归顺唐廷,被任命为左金吾大将军、怀化郡王。
  会昌二年五月,那颉啜率其部至幽州(治蓟县,今北京城西南)境,卢龙节度使张仲武奉密诏讨击回鹘,遣其弟张仲至率兵3万迎战,大破回鹘军,斩首不可胜计,全部收降其7000帐。那颉啜逃遁,后被乌介可汗擒获斩杀。
  这时,乌介可汗虽势力衰微,但仍号称有兵10万。牙帐设在河东大同军(治今山西朔县东北马邑) 以北的阊门山。八月,乌介可汗率兵南下,突然进入大同川,掠夺杂居在河东的戎狄各族牛马数万头,转战至云州(治云中,今山西大同)城下,云州刺史张献节闭城自守。初九,诏令征发陈州、许州、徐州、汝州、襄阳等地屯兵进屯太原(今太原西南)和振武军、天德军等防地,待来春再出兵驱逐回鹘。九月,唐命刘沔兼任招抚回鹘使,张仲武为东面招抚回鹘使。唐各道兵马集结于太原,刘沔率兵屯防雁门关。
  会昌三年正月,乌介可汗兵临振武,刘沔遣麟州刺史石雄、都知兵马使王逢率沙陀朱邪赤心三部及契苾、拓跋3000骑兵袭击回鹘牙帐,刘沔亲率大军随后跟进。石雄到达振武城后,派人从城里向城外挖凿10余个地道,于半夜引兵从地道杀出,直攻可汗牙帐。唐军进至其帐下,回鹘兵才发觉,乌介惊慌失措,弃辎重逃走。石雄率兵追击,十一日,在杀胡山(即今内蒙古巴林右旗子罕山)唐军大胜。回鹘兵被斩首万人,收降2万余人,乌介被枪刺伤后带数百骑向东北方向逃去,归附黑车子族,其溃散部队多向幽州军投降。此后,唐北部边境稍为安定。
  
  平定刘稹叛乱
  武宗之世,重用宰相李德裕平定了河东地区泽潞镇节度使刘稹的叛乱,成为这一时期常常为人称颂的政绩。刘稹(?-844年),昭义(治潞州,今山西长治)节度使刘从谏之侄。右骁卫将军刘从素之子,早期为牙内都知兵马使。会昌三年(843年)四月,刘从谏病卒,刘稹用昭义(山西长治)兵马使郭谊的建议,秘不发丧,自领军务。并且上书言宦官仇士良之恶,不敢归朝。朝廷不听。武宗会昌四年(844年),李德裕用成德、魏博、河中等镇兵力进攻昭义,由刘沔、王茂元一起攻讨刘稹,史称「唐平刘稹泽潞之战」,石雄入潞州,有七千人随行,过乌岭(在翼城县境),破昭义军五寨。刘稹军心渐怠,将士愈觉离心,邢州、洺州、磁州相继倒戈。董可武将刘稹骗至别院,被郭谊、王协杀死,屠其族,出降,泽潞平。传首京师。李德裕主张对藩镇武力讨伐,派兵戍守边境,支持武宗的治国理政,给当时的朝廷带来了一些新内容。难能可贵的是,他还能够在武宗面前替牛党的杨嗣复、李珏求情,说明了李德裕的个人政治魅力。所以,李德裕在宣宗时期被罢贬到崖州(今海南琼山)时,有“八百孤寒齐下泪,一时回首望崖州”的说法。这一场历时达40年之久的党派之争,最终以李德裕的贬死而告终结。然而,这一天的到来,已是宣宗大中年间了。
  
  一代名相李德裕
  李德裕(787 —850年),字文饶,真定赞皇(今河北省赞皇县)人,幼有壮志,苦心力学,尤精《汉书》、《左氏春秋》。穆宗即位之初,禁中书诏典册,多出其手。历任翰林学士、浙西观察使、西川节度使、兵部尚书、左仆射、并在唐代文宗大和七年(838年)和武宗开成五年(840年)两度为相。主政期间,重视边防,力主削弱藩镇,巩固中央集权,使晚唐内忧外患的局面得到暂时的安定。
  公元844年,辅佐武宗讨伐擅袭泽潞节度使位的刘缜,平定泽、涟等五州。功成,加太尉赐封卫国公。
  长期与李宗闵及牛僧儒为首的朋党斗争,后人称为"牛李党争",延续40年.牛李党争最早可上溯唐宪宗时文饶父吉甫与牛等的矛盾.纵观史实,文饶执政功勋卓著,威震天下;牛党执政,无所作为,国势日弱.武宗即位,信用文饶,一扫朋党,内平河北藩镇, 强藩觫手;外击破回纥,威震土蕃南诏.唐室几竟中兴.宣宗即位,嫉文饶威名,初贬荆南,次贬潮州。
  大中二年(公元848年)再贬崖州(治所在今琼山区大林乡附近)司户,次年正月抵达。大中四年(公元850年)正月卒于贬所,终年63岁,逝后被封太尉,赠卫国公。李德裕在琼期间,著书立说,奖善嫉恶,备受海南人民敬仰,生前代表作有《会昌一品集》《左岸书城》《次柳氏旧闻》等。
  
  后妃
  妃嫔
  王贤妃,原为才人,为武宗自缢
  某氏,生李峻。
  
  子女
  李峻,母不详,封杞王,开成五年始王。
  李岘,母不详,封益王,会昌二年始王,与兖、德、昌三王同封;
  李岐,母不详,封兖王,
  李峄,母不详,封德王;
  李嵯,母不详,封昌王,逸其薨年。
  公主
  昌乐公主。
  寿春公主。
  长宁公主,薨大中时。
  延庆公主。
  静乐公主,薨咸通时。
  乐温公主。
  永清公主,薨咸通时。
  
  李炎年表
  公元815年,唐穆宗第五个儿子李炎出生。
  公元821年,李炎被封为颖王,与其他兄弟一起住在皇宫之内的十六宅。
  公元840年,唐文宗病死,李炎以皇太弟的身份即位。
  公元843年,李炎取得对宦官进行打击的胜利。
  公元843年,唐军取得回纥反击战的胜利。
  公元844年。唐军消灭昭义镇节度使刘稹的叛乱,削弱了藩镇割据的势力,巩固了唐王朝的统一。
  公元845年,李炎下令灭佛,历史上称之为“会场灭佛”。
  公元846年,李炎逝世。


  Prime Minister Li Jue, Yang Si Fu was Baxiang banished abroad, Takemune already ordered two were killed, but in ranking positions of the strong request of the pardon of their lives. Choushi Liang, who due to his position of power, it is domineering in the court on, they see the Emperor's trust in ranking positions, he wanted played rough with him, he was Takemune cleverly defused. Huichang three years, Chou Shiliang grounds of resignation to the old and sick, Takemune also help things along, lifting Choushi Liang's military power. Chou Shiliang eunuch in the hands of private homes to send him back seat when those who have had a wonderful confession. Choushi Liang said: "The party of charity emperor, you can listen to an old man saying?" Everyone is submissive. He said: "The emperor is not so free time will have some free time reading a book of saints, see Confucianism minister, will hear the minister's admonition to the emperor would be Zhishen consider far, it will reduce the play, to give up travel Fortunately, special psychological affairs, I suffered such a gift will power will become thinner and lighter. for the dwellers to consider the best way to yield economic goods than wide, multi-hawk horse, hunting and sensual day to play confuse the emperor aspirations, the more Luxurious living his best, the more will delight the emperor, he did not know more stop. In this way, the emperor must be rejected by patients, malaise in public life, so I can million machines in the hands of clemency power was also unhappy you are not strong? "remarks, so that all convinced. This is exactly the Chou Shiliang autocratic and despotic, not bad for a few days grace ceremony. But his approach seems not very efficacious against Takemune. Chou Shiliang resigned soon after died in his mansion.
  ZTE Huichang
  Years from the Huichang (842) in October, Takemune order of monks who violate the precepts of Buddhism to return to secular life, and confiscated their property. During this period, a monk claimed to be "the sword round," and can defeat the enemy, Takemune permission to test, the results can not be made, kill him. Since then, Wu Zong ordered restrictions on Buddhist monks one after another number, not secretly ordained to limit the number monks Keeper slaves, many temples were destroyed, large number of monks were forced to flee. Huichang four years (844) in February, Takemune decree "no support tooth", also states: on behalf of the state and Sizhou Puguang Si Wutai Mountain, Wutai Temple Zhongnanshan, Fung Cheung House Famen such a phalanx of Buddhist place, no support and pay their last respects if one were to send a money, back rod 20; if the monks and nuns in these areas were subject to a charity of money, back rod 20. To Huichang five years (845), began a more large-scale suppression of Buddhism. He ordered all the monks return to secular life of 40 years of age, and soon also provides 50 years of age, and soon even the age of 50 without Cibu the Dudie have to flee and even Tianzhu and Japan to the request method was forced to return to secular life monks. Japan Ennin monk in his book "into line recorded in Tang Dynasty" recorded in detail in the "hard law" situation.
  Takemune large-scale suppression of Buddhism in this world is a total removal of the temple are more than 4,600, the problem one manifestation to mention, the Lan if the four thousand, 26 thousand people to flee and become monks and nuns in the two countries tax farmers, the confiscation of the monastery on the field owned by Gao Yu thousands of hills, and confiscation of slaves for the two taxes of 15 million households, in addition to retaining compulsory Qin Mu, Zoroastrianism 3000 return to secular life. Takemune suppression of Buddhism temple heavy blow to the economy and increase the government's taxpayer population, and expand the country's economic resources.
  This is almost never get ready for a list, Takemune actually buy parts ordered.
  Huichang six years on March 23, which changed its name after 12 days, the palace came a Takemune Jiabeng on the news. His concubine Wang martyrs died by hanging. Wu Zongcheng as Taizong, Kenso, Mouzon After that, a miracle drug because taking the emperor died. Tang Huichang years (842 years) to three years, Tang Jun break Uighur Ukrainian military mediated Khan, stability and the northern frontier of the war.
  Tang Huichang first year (841) in February, Uighur internal battle, near the teeth of 13 tribes account backers, Prince Wuxitele Khan referred to Uzbekistan, South Bao Son Mountain fault. September, Downtain Zhao Ming Dong, Zhenwu guard against the armed forces, and referred to the sago 20,000 cups of Ukraine to help its Duhuang. November, Uighur Ukrainian soldier who robbed and killed a delivery medium Khan Princess Southern Tang Wo return of up to dry, and others, the princess as hostage, south through the Gobi, stationed themselves on the day of the German border. Wu Kai Khan has sent people to the table Downtain proposed borrowed Zhenwu Army (rule Shuozhou, this in Shanxi Province) for a city resident. December, Tang Wuzong the right order Kingo major general Wang, who will go to sympathy, relief of 20,000 cups of rice, politely declined their requests through the city.
  Takemune the world, the prime minister re-ranking positions put down the east of the river town of Jiedushi Liu Zhen regional Comprehensive Survey of the rebellion, a man of this period is often praised the achievements. Liu Zhen (? -844 Years), Akiyoshi (rule Luzhou, this Shanxi Changzhi) Jiedushi Liu listened, nephew. Right, General Liu Wei Xiao son from prime early as teeth are known within the Bing Mashi. Huichang three years (843 years) in April, Liu listened, disease and death, with Liu Zhen Zhao Yi (Shanxi Changzhi) Bingma Shi Yi Guo's proposal, the secretariat is not made funeral, from leading services. And a letter made eunuchs Chou Shiliang evil, afraid to go toward. Court did not listen. Takemune Huichang four years (844 years), ranking positions with as Germany, Wei Bo, troops attacked the town of River Middle Akiyoshi, from Mianyang Liu, Mao-Yuan Liu Zhen discussion with the attack, known to history as "Tang Ping Liu Zhen Comprehensive Survey of the war", Shi Xiong into the Luzhou, accompanied by a 7000 people, over Wu Ling (in Yicheng County of central), broken Zhao Yijun wuzhai. Liu Zhen and morale of the troops getting lazy, soldiers Yujue centrifugation, Xing Zhou, Ming state, Cizhou successive defections. Can generals Liu Zhen Pian Zhi Dong Do School, was Guo Yi, Wang co-kill, butcher their families, a drop, A Comprehensive Survey of level. Pass the first Capital. Ranking positions advocated a crusade Fan Zhen force, troops guarding the border, support Takemune of governing the country, to the court at the time brought some new content. Commendable is that he can Takemune for cattle in front of the party's Yang Si Fu, Li Jue mitigation, illustrates the ranking positions in the personal and political charm. Therefore, the ranking positions in the period of Emperor Xuan Zong was demoted to stop Office Location of Yazhou (now Hainan Qiong Hill), there are "800 miserly Qi cried, 1:00 Office Location of Yazhou look back look" argument. It took a 40-year-old partisan, eventually ranking positions in the derogatory dead end. However, that day is already among the middle-aged Xuanzong large.
  AD 844, the adjuvant Takemune crusade against arbitrarily place the passage of Comprehensive Survey Jiedushi Liu Zhen, Ping Ting Chak, ripple the five states. Off the ground, plus Qiu Conferring defending the public.
  Empress
  A's, the Health and Jun Li.
  Li Xian, home unknown, Yi Feng Wang, Hui-chang years before the king, and Yan, Tak, Wang Feng Chang 3;
  Lee lofty, mother unknown, Chang Feng Wang, Yi its demise years.
  Shouchun Princess.
  Jingle Princess, pass away when the Northern Sung Painting.
  Li Yan chronology
  In 840, Emperor Tang Wenzong died, Li Yan Huang Tai brother's identity to the throne.
  AD 844. Tang Jun eliminate Akiyoshi town Jiedushi Liu Zhen's rebellion, weakening the power of disparate administrative regions, to consolidate the unity of the Tang dynasty.
    

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