ā lā bó dì guó -
ā bá sī wáng cháo（ 750-1258
nián）
ā bá sī wáng cháo（
ā lā bó yǔ： عباسيون）
shì hā lǐ fā dì guó de yī gè wáng cháo，
yě shì '
ā lā bó dì guó de dì '
èr gè shì xí wáng cháo。
yú 750
nián qǔ dài wō mǎ yà wáng cháo，
dìng dū bā gé dá，
zhí zhì 1258
nián bèi měnggǔ dì guó suǒ miè。
ā bá sī wáng shì shì yī sī lán jiào xiān zhī mù hǎn mò dé de shū fù '
ā bá sī ·
yī běn ·
ā bǔ dù lè ·
mù tǎ lǐ bǔ de hòu yì。
zài gāi wáng cháo tǒng zhì shí qī，
zhōng shì jì de yī sī lán jiào shì jiè dá dào liǎo jí shèng，
zài hā lún ·
lài shì dé tǒng zhì shí qī gèng dá dào liǎo dǐng fēng。
zhōng guó shǐ shū chēng zhī wéi hēi yī dà shí。
céng yǔ táng cháo fā shēng dá luó sī zhī yì，
dà shí jūn huò dé shèng lì，
táng jūn fú lǔ yě tóng shí jiāng zào zhǐ jì shù xī chuán，
ěr hòu gèng cù jìn liǎo '
ōu zhōu de wén yì fù xīng。
lì shǐ
747
nián，
ā bá sī de hòu yì '
ā bù ·
ā bá sī lì yòng bō sī jí shì nú '
ài bǔ ·
mù sī lín zài hū luó shān de lì liàng，
lián hé shí yè pài mù sī lín，
yú 750
nián（
yī shuō 752
nián）
tuī fān liǎo wō mǎ yà wáng cháo de tǒng zhì，
jiàn lì liǎo '
ā bá sī wáng cháo。
ā bá sī wáng cháo qí zhì duō wéi hēi sè，
gù zhōng guó shǐ shū chēng gāi wáng cháo wéi hēi yī dà shí。
ā bá sī wáng cháo jiàn lì zhī chū，
dà sì bǔ shā wō mǎ yà yú dǎng，
shā hài liǎo '
ài bǔ ·
mù sī lín，
bìng cán kù dì zhèn yā liǎo hū luó shān rén mín qǐ yì。
wō mǎ yà wáng cháo shì lì tuì suō dào yī bǐ lì yà bàn dǎo，
zhōng guó chēng zhī wéi bái yī dà shí。
hā lǐ fā màn sū '
ěr zhí zhèng shí，
yǐ yī lā kè wéi zhōng xīn，
zài dǐ gé lǐ sī hé pàn yíng jiàn liǎo xīn dū bā gé dá，
yú 762
nián qiān dū zhì cǐ。
gāi chéng hóng wěi zhuàng guān，
rén kǒu zhòng duō，
shāng mào fán shèng，
shì yǔ dāng shí de cháng '
ān、
jūn shì tǎn dīng bǎo qí míng de guó jì xìng dà dū shì。
ā bá sī wáng cháo jiàn lì hòu zuì chū de jìn 100
nián，
tè bié shì hā lún ·
lā xī dé hé mài méng zhí zhèng shí qī，
shì '
ā lā bó dì guó de jí shèng shí dài。
gōng yuán 8
～ 9
shì jì shí，
dì guó zhèng zhì jiào wéi wěn dìng，
shēng chǎn lì fā zhǎn jiào kuài，
jīng jì hé mào yì fán róng，
chéng wéi dì guó de dǐng shèng shí qī。
cǐ jiān，
dì guó de kē xué wén huà yě huò dé xǔ duō zhòng yào chéng jiù，
duì dōng xī fāng wén huà jiāo liú qǐ liǎo jī jí de tuī dòng zuò yòng。
dàn shì，
wèile wéi chí guó jiā de yùn zhuǎn，
dì guó yī zhí bù duàn jiā qiáng duì nóng mín、
shǒu gōng yè zhě hé nú lì de cán kù bō xuē，
zhì shǐ jiē jí máo dùn、
mín zú máo dùn hé zōng jiào máo dùn chǔyú bù duàn jī huà zhī zhōng，
rén mín qǐ yì、
jiào pài dǒu zhēng cǐ qǐ bǐ fú。
jìn rù 9
shì jì zhī hòu，
rén mín qǐ yì biàn jí dì guó quán jìng，
qí zhōng shēng shì zuì wéi hào dà de yòu bā bèi kè qǐ yì、
hēi nú qǐ yì hé kǎ '
ěr mǎ tè qǐ yì。
ā bá sī wáng cháo yīn cǐ guó shì rì shuāi。
tóng shí， 9
shì jì zhōng yè yǐ hòu，
tū jué rén zhú jiàn qǔ dé quán shì。
tū jué jiànglǐng zhǎng wò jūn quán，
rèn yì fèi lì shèn zhì shā hài hā lǐ fā。
hā lǐ fā wán quán chéng wèitā men shǒu zhōng de kuǐ léi。
1258
nián，
hū bì liè zhī dì xù liè wù shuài xī zhēng de měnggǔ jūn gōng xiàn '
ā lā bó dì guó shǒu dū bā gé dá，
hā lǐ fā mù sī tái suí mù bèi shā，
ā bá sī wáng cháo jié shù。
zài bā gé dá de '
ā bá sī wáng cháo hā lǐ fā
*
ā bù ·
ā bá sī -
sà fǎ hè (Abu'lAbbasAs-Saffah） 750-754
*
màn sū '
ěr (Al-Mansur)754-775
*
mài hè dí (Al-Mahdi)775-785
*
hā dí (Al-Hadi)785-786
*
hā lún ·
lā xī dé (Harunal-Rashid)786-809
*
ā míng (Al-Amin)809-813
*
mǎ méng (Al-Ma'mun)813-833
*
mù '
ā tái suí mǔ (Al-Mu'tasim)833-842
*
wǎ tí kè (Al-Wathiq)842-847
*
mù tǎ wǎ jī lè (Al-Mutawakkil)847-861
*
méng tǎ sài '
ěr (Al-Muntasir)861-862
*
mù sī tǎ yīn (Al-Musta'in)862-866
*
mù tǎ cí (Al-Mu'tazz)866-869
*
mù hè tǎ dí (Al-Muhtadi)869-870
*
mù tǎ mǐ dé (Al-Mu'tamid)870-892
*
mù tǎ dí dé (Al-Mu'tadid)892-902
*
mù kè tǎ fěi (Al-Muktafi)902-908
*
mù kè tǎ dí '
ěr (Al-Muqtadir)908-932
*
kǎ xī '
ěr (Al-Qahir)932-934
*
lā dí (Ar-Radi)934-940
*
mù tǎ jī (Al-Muttaqi)940-944
*
mù sī tǎ kè fěi (Al-Mustakfi)944-946
*
mù tí (Al-Muti)946-974
*
tǎ yī (At-Ta'i)974-991
*
kǎ dí '
ěr (Al-Qadir)991-1031
*
kǎ yī mǔ (Al-Qa'im)1031-1075
*
mù kè tǎ dí (Al-Muqtadi)1075-1094
*
mù sī tǎ qí '
ěr (Al-Mustazhir)1094-1118
*
mù sī tǎ '
ěr xī dé (Al-Mustarshid)1118-1135
*
lài shì dé (Ar-Rashid)1135-1136
*
mù kè tǎ fěi (Al-Muqtafi)1136-1160
*
mù sī tǎn jí dé (Al-Mustanjid)1160-1170
*
mù sī tǎ dí (Al-Mustadi)1170-1180
*
ān -
nà sài '
ěr (An-Nasir)1180-1225
*
chá xī '
ěr (Az-Zahir)1225-1226
*
mù sī tǎn suí '
ěr (Al-Mustansir)1226-1242
*
mù sī tái suí mù (Al-Musta'sim)1242-1258
bèi mǎ mù lù kè dài dào kāi luó de '
ā bá sī wáng cháo hā lǐ fā
*
mù sī tǎn suí '
ěr (Al-Mustansir)1261
*
hā jī mǔ yī shì (Al-HakimI)1262-1302
*
mù sī tǎ kè fěi yī shì (Al-MustakfiI)1302-1340
*
wǎ tí kè yī shì (Al-WathiqI)1340-1341
*
hā jī mǔ '
èr shì (Al-HakimII)1341-1352
*
mù tǎ dí dé yī shì (Al-Mu'tadidI)1352-1362
*
mù tǎ wǎ jī lè yī shì (Al-MutawakkilI)1362-1383
*
wǎ tí kè '
èr shì (Al-WathiqII)1383-1386
*
mù '
ā tái suí mǔ (Al-Mu'tasim)1386-1389
*
mù tǎ wǎ jī lè yī shì (Al-MutawakkilI)(
fù wèi )1389-1406
*
mù sī tǎ yīn (Al-Musta'in)1406-1414
*
mù tǎ dí dé '
èr shì (Al-Mu'tadidII)1414-1441
*
mù sī tǎ kè fěi '
èr shì (Al-MustakfiII)1441-1451
*
kǎ yī mǔ (Al-Qa'im)1451-1455
*
mù sī tǎn jí dé (Al-Mustanjid)1455-1479
*
mù tǎ wǎ jī lè '
èr shì (Al-MutawakkilII)1479-1497
*
mù sī tǎ mǔ xī kè (Al-Mustamsik)1497-1508
*
mù tǎ wǎ jī lè sān shì (Al-MutawakkilIII)1508-1517
o '
āi jí bèi '
ào sī màn dì guó zhēng fú，
hā lǐ fā chēng hào guī '
ào sī màn dì guó sū dān
o
mǎ mù lù kè：
ā lā bó yǔ nú lì de miè chēng yīn yì，
yīn qí kāi guó hā lǐ fā wéi nú lì huáng dì suǒ dé míng。
The Umayyad dynasty was overthrown by another family of Meccan origin, the Abbasids, in 750. The Abbasids had an unbroken line of Caliphs for over three centuries, consolidating Islamic rule and cultivating great intellectual and cultural developments in the Middle East. By 940 however the power of the Caliphate under the Abbasids was waning as non-Arabs, particularly the Berbers of the Maghrib, the Turks, and later, in the latter half of the 13th century, the Mamluks in Egypt, gained influence, and the various subordinate sultans and emirs became increasingly independent. However, the Caliphate endured as a symbolic position. During the period of the Abassid dynasty, Abassid claims to the caliphate did not go unchallenged. The Shiˤa Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah of the Fatimid dynasty, which claimed descent from Muhammad through his daughter, claimed the title of Caliph in 909, creating a separate line of caliphs in North Africa. Initially controlling Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya, the Fatimid caliphs extended their rule for the next 150 years, taking Egypt and Palestine, before the Abbassid dynasty was able to turn the tide, limiting Fatimid rule to Egypt. The Fatimid dynasty finally ended in 1171. The Umayyad dynasty, which had survived and come to rule over the Muslim provinces of Spain, reclaimed the title of Caliph in 929, lasting until it was overthrown in 1031.
1258 saw the conquest of Baghdad and the execution of Abbasid caliph al-Musta'sim by Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan.