xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō native soil novel

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　　zài 20 nián dài chū、 zhōng qī， xiǎo shuō chuàng zuò shàng chū xiàn liǎo yī zhǒng bèi chēng wéi “ xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō ” de zuò pǐn。“ xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō” zhǐ de shì 20 nián dài chū、 zhōng qī， yī pī yù jū běi jīng、 shàng hǎi de zuò jiā， yǐ zì jǐ shú xī de gù xiāng fēng tǔ rén qíng wéi tí cái， zhǐ zài jiē shì zōng fǎ zhì xiāng zhèn shēng huó de yú mèi、 luò hòu， bìng jiè yǐ shū fā zì jǐ xiāng chóu de xiǎo shuō。 zhè pī zuò jiā yòu féng wén bǐng（ fèi míng）、 wáng lǔ yàn、 tái jìng nóng、 péng jiā huáng、 xǔ jié děng。
　　 xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō de xīng qǐ， shì xīn wén xué xiǎo shuō duì“ wǔ sì” xiǎo shuō guò yú xī fāng huà de yī cì fǎn bō。“ wǔ sì” xiǎo shuō yǐ xiān míng de rén wén zhù yì sī xiǎng zhuī qiú hé duì xī fāng jìn xiàn dài wén xué jí yǔ yán de jiè jiàn yǔ zhōng guó chuán tǒng xiǎo shuō huàqīng liǎo jiè xiàn、 shí xiàn liǎo xiǎo shuō de gé mìng， rán 'ér“ wǔ sì” xiǎo shuō chuàng zuò yīn cǐ yě cún zài hěn duō bì duān。 qí yī shì gài niàn huà， xiǎo shuō chéng liǎo zuò jiā yǎn yì sī xiǎng、 biǎo dá guān niàn de xíng shì， zhè gè bì duān zhù yào biǎo xiàn zài wèn tí xiǎo shuō zhōng； qí 'èr shì 'ōu huà， zhè zhù yào jí zhōng zài làng màn xiǎo shuō zhōng。 làng màn xiǎo shuō bù jǐn zài shū qíng fāng shì shàng zhí jiē jiè yòng liǎo 19 shì jì xī fāng làng màn wén xué（ yóu qí shì lú suō de zuò pǐn） de shū qíng fāng shì， ér qiě zài shū qíng zhù rén gōng de sù zào shàng yě guò duō shòu dào lú suō jí gē dé de《 shàonián wéi tè de fán nǎo》 de yǐng xiǎng， yīn 'ér zhè yī pài xiǎo shuō zài xù shì shàng bù xiàng xiǎo shuō， ér zài yǔ yán shàng zé yòu fēi běn tǔ huà。 zhēn duì zhè zhǒng quē xiàn， xīn wén xué zuò jiā céng hūyù wén xué de“ dì fāng sè cǎi”， tí chàng wén xué yīngyǒu“ cóng tǔ lǐ zīzhǎng chū lái de gè xìng”， hào zhào zuò jiā“ xū dé tiào dào dì miàn shàng lái， bǎ tǔ qì xī、 ní zī wèi tòu guò liǎo tā de mài bó， biǎo xiàn zài wén zì shàng”。 suǒ yǐ， xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō zài 20 nián dài chū、 zhōng qī de jué qǐ， shí jì shì xīn wén xué zài gé mìng zhī hòu zhuóshǒu jiàn shè de xiàng zhēng， fǎn yìng liǎo xīn wén xué xiàn shí zhù yì de zhuī qiú。
　　 zuì zǎo chuàng zuò xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō bìng zhèng míng qí yì shù mèi lì de， shì lǔ xùn。 dàn shì， wú lùn shì lǔ xùn hái shì nà xiē hòu lái bèi chēng wéi xiāng tǔ zuò jiā de qīng nián zuò jiā， zài 20 nián dài chū、 zhōng qī dōubù céng míng què shǐ yòng guò“ xiāng tǔ wén xué” huò“ xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō” de gài niàn， gèng wèi yǐ cǐ xiāng biāo bǎng。 zuì zǎo jiāng zhè pī zuò jiā huí yì gù xiāng、 shū xiě xiāng chóu de xiǎo shuō chēng wéi“ xiāng tǔ wén xué” de， shì lǔ xùn 1928 nián zài《 zhōng guó xīn wén xué dà xì xiǎo shuō 'èr jí dǎo yán》 zhōng。 hòu lái rén men biàn yán yòng zhè yī gài niàn zhǐ chēng zhè yī shí qī de zhè pī zuò jiā de chuàng zuò。
　　 xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō zuò jiā hěn duō dōushì zhí jiē shòu lǔ xùn de yǐng xiǎng bìng yòu yì shí dì mó fǎng lǔ xùn 'ér kāi shǐ chuàng zuò de， dà dū shī chéng liǎo lǔ xùn xiǎo shuō de pī pàn guó mín xìng tè diǎn， jiào shǎo zào zuò， kè fú liǎo gài niàn huà， yǐ yī zhǒng zhì pǔ hé zhēn shí de miàn mào wéi dāng shí xiǎo shuō chuàng zuò jiè chuī jìn yī gǔ qīng fēng。
　　 xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō de zhù yào tè zhēng， shǒu xiān shì zuò jiā yǐ pī pàn de yǎn guāng shěn shì gù xiāng fēng xí， duì yú mèi、 luò hòu jìn xíng jiān ruì de fěng cì yǔ pī pàn。 qí cì， xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō zuò jiā wǎng wǎng huái zhe 'āi qí bù xìng、 nù qí bù zhēng de fù zá qíng xù miáo huì shēng huó yǔ kǔ nán zhōng 'ér yòu má mù、 yú mèi de gù xiāng rén， tóng qíng yǔ pī pàn， fěng cì yǔ 'āi lián xiāng hù jiāo zhì， xíng chéng xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō xǐ jù yǔ bēi jù xiāng jiāo róng de měi xué fēng gé。 dì sān， zài pī pàn hé miáo huì gù xiāng yú mèi xí sú、 má mù rén xìng、 qī liáng rén shēng shí， xiāng tǔ xiǎo shuō zuò jiā réng rán yì zhù bù zhù duì gù xiāng de juàn liàn， ér zhè juàn liàn yòu wǎng wǎng yǔ mǒu zhǒng shī luò gǎn xiāng jiāo zhì， yīn 'ér xiǎo shuō dà dū jù yòu yì yù de shū qíng diào zǐ。

　　In the early 20s, medium, appeared on a novel called "Country Novel" works. "Local Literature" refers to the early 20s, medium, number of resident in Beijing, Shanghai, writer, home of their own customs and familiar theme, the rule of law to reveal the number of rural life, ignorance, backwardness, and to express their nostalgic Fiction. These writers Feng Wenbing (Fei Ming), Wang Lu-yan, Tai Jingnong, Peng Jiahuang, Xu Jiedeng.
　　Local rise of the novel, is a new literary fiction of "54" too Westernized a novel anti-allocated. "54" Humanism novel pursuit of a clear-cut and modern western literature and language reference and drawn a line of traditional Chinese fiction, the novel realization of the revolutionary, but "54" novels and therefore there are many disadvantages. One is conceptual, the novel became a writer deductive thinking, in the form of the expression of ideas, just that the problem mainly in the novel; second, Europeanization, mainly concentrated in the romantic novel. Romantic novel way not only in lyrical direct borrowing of the 19th century romantic literature of the West (especially the works of Rousseau) lyrical way, but also in shaping the lyrical hero is also too much by Rousseau and Goethe's "Sorrows of Young Werther" and impact, which this school is not in narrative fiction as fiction, while in another non-native language. In view of this defect, a new literary writers have called literature "local color" to promote literature should "grow out from the earth's personality," called writers "must apply to the ground up, the soil atmosphere, taste through the mud his pulse, reflected in the wording. " Thus, the early local novel in 20, mid-rise, actually started after the new literature in the construction of the revolutionary symbol, reflecting the pursuit of new literary realism.
　　Creation of Local Literature and the earliest proof of their artistic charm, is Lu Xun. However, both Lu Xun or local writers who became known as the young writer, in the early 20s, medium, have not explicitly used "local literature" or "Country Novel" concept, but not advertised in this phase. Home of the earliest memories of this group of writers, describe nostalgic novel called "local literature" is Lu Xun in 1928, "Novel two sets of Chinese New Literature Series Introduction". Later, the concept that people will follow these writers in this period the alleged creation.
　　Local fiction writers many of which are directly affected by the influence of Lu Xun and consciously begin to imitate the writing of Lu Xun, Lu Xun largely modeled after the critical features of national character, less artificial, to overcome the conceptual, with a simple and true face of the then Fiction community began an breeze.
　　The main features of local fiction, first writer to critically examine the practice home of the wind, on the ignorance and backwardness for sharp satire and criticism. Second, local fiction writers often With Sorrow Misfortune, Blame Him depict the complex emotional life and suffering but numb, ignorant people from his homeland, sympathy and criticism, irony and pity are intertwined to form a local novel, blending comedy and tragedy The aesthetic style. Third, criticism and ignorance custom painted home, numbness of human nature, sad life, the local writers still Yizhu not live on love of hometown, and this attachment is often intertwined with a sense of loss, which mostly have depression lyrical novel tone.